Since the increased risk of leukemia and solid cancer after high-dose irradiation has been reported in various studies, including the epidemiological studies of A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the effects of medical radiation have become a public health issue. On the other hand, medical radiation has become a major source of radiation exposure for the general population. On the one hand, doctors can make an accurate diagnosis of diseases with the information provided by diagnostic imaging, and improve the prognosis of cancer patients through radiation therapy.
However, the use of X-rays is a double-edged sword. Due to these benefits and technological advancements, CT scans are gaining popularity around the world. Recent advances in CT scanning technology now allow the acquisition of appropriate images within a short scanning time and enable the examination of children without anesthesia. In addition to facilitating the diagnosis of various diseases, including cancer and vascular diseases, CT scans are useful in the follow-up care of cancer patients (for estimating the effectiveness of therapy, by examining the tumor size and detecting metastasis).
One of the most common usages of radiation in current medical diagnosis is computed tomography (CT) using X-rays, since CT scan images provide more detailed information than that provided by simple X-ray examinations. Applications of radiation in medicine, such as for the diagnosis of diseases or injuries, started just after the discovery of X-rays in 1895.
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